DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA during cell division. This process is essential for the accurate transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. DNA replication involves unwinding the double helix structure of the DNA molecule, synthesizing new strands of DNA using the existing strands as templates, and proofreading and correcting errors that may arise during the process. This highly regulated and precise process is carried out by a complex machinery of proteins and enzymes that ensure the faithful replication of the genetic material. Understanding the mechanisms and regulation of DNA replication is crucial for many areas of biology, including genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology.